A flame sensor is a critical safety device that detects flame presence to prevent gas leaks and explosions in furnaces, heaters, and industrial equipment. Learn how flame sensors work, key…

For PCB/PCBA OEM engineers, procurement decision-makers, and cross-industry buyers, every component choice and circuit calculation directly impacts product reliability—yet one foundational concept is often overlooked until it causes costly issues:…

This guide breaks down the current divider and voltage divider formulas, explaining their core differences, derivation logic, and practical applications in PCBA design. Learn how to calculate current in parallel…

Discover what small water pumps are, its core types (submersible, solar, electric), and key applications from fountains to aquariums. This guide also shares a step-by-step tutorial to build a mini…

This comprehensive guide explains relays, what a relay does, and how relays work in electronic and PCBA systems. Learn relay definition, contact types, electromagnet operation, circuit examples, and HCJMPCBA’s professional…